The Nigeria Centre for Disease and Prevention Control (NCDC) has documented 210 new suspected cases of cholera infections and reported 10 ‘suspected’ deaths across eight states in the country between July 31 and August 27.
This information is detailed in the latest monthly situation report on cholera, which covers Epidemiological (EP) weeks 31 to 34, as released by the NCDC on its official website.
Cholera is a bacterial infection caused by Vibrio cholerae and is primarily transmitted through contaminated water and food. It is most commonly found in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. Symptoms of cholera include severe watery diarrhea, vomiting, and dehydration, and if left untreated, it can be life-threatening, as per the World Health Organization (WHO).
The NCDC reported that the suspected cases and deaths from cholera in 2023 have decreased by 63% and 67%, respectively, compared to the figures reported during Epidemiological Week 34 in 2022. As of August 27, 2023, the country recorded 84 suspected deaths and 2,860 suspected cases across 25 states, with a Case Fatality Ratio (CFR) of 2.9%.
The report highlighted that six states—Cross River (718 cases), Katsina (302 cases), Bayelsa (265 cases), Ebonyi (227 cases), Niger (136 cases), and Abia (118 cases)—account for 62% of the suspected cases in 2023.
In the eight states reporting 210 suspected cases, Zamfara in the northwest recorded the highest number of infections with 190 cases, followed by Kano and Bayelsa with seven and five cases, respectively. Bauchi, Niger, and Borno reported two cases each, while Gombe and Adamawa reported one case each.
The NCDC conducted 21 Cholera Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDT), with nine positive results (Zamfara – 8, Bayelsa – 1), and 26 stool culture tests, with three positive results.
The national multi-sectoral Cholera Technical Working Group (TWG) continues to monitor response efforts across states.
To prevent cholera, various measures can be taken, including ensuring access to clean and safe drinking water, treating questionable water sources by boiling, using water disinfectant tablets, or using water filters.
Other preventive measures include practicing good hygiene, such as regular handwashing with soap and clean water, especially before handling or consuming food, and ensuring thorough cooking of food, particularly seafood.